Dokumentasi untuk modul ini dapat dibuat di Modul:Wikidata/doc

-- version 20190319 from master @cawiki

local p = {}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- internationalisation at [[Module:Wikidata/i18n]]
local i18n = {
	["errors"] = {
		["property-not-found"] = "Property not found.",
		["entity-not-found"] = "Wikidata entity not found.",
		["unknown-claim-type"] = "Unknown claim type.",
		["unknown-entity-type"] = "Unknown entity type.",
		["qualifier-not-found"] = "Qualifier not found.",
		["site-not-found"] = "Wikimedia project not found.",
		["unknown-datetime-format"] = "Unknown datetime format.",
		["local-article-not-found"] = "Article is not yet available in this wiki.",
		['not-from-content-page'] = "Do not invoke from content page. Use a template or use a module subpage like /sandbox for testing ."
	},
	["datetime"] =
	{
		-- $1 is a placeholder for the actual number
		[0] = "$1 billion years",	-- precision: billion years
		[1] = "$100 million years",	-- precision: hundred million years
		[2] = "$10 million years",	-- precision: ten million years
		[3] = "$1 million years",	-- precision: million years
		[4] = "$100000 years",		-- precision: hundred thousand years; thousand separators added afterwards
		[5] = "$10000 years",		-- precision: ten thousand years; thousand separators added afterwards
		[6] = "$1 millennium",		-- precision: millennium
		[7] = "$1 century",			-- precision: century
		[8] = "$1s",				-- precision: decade
		-- the following use the format of #time parser function
		[9]  = "Y",					-- precision: year, 
		[10] = "F Y",				-- precision: month
		[11] = "F j, Y",			-- precision: day
		[12] = "F j, Y ga",			-- precision: hour
		[13] = "F j, Y g:ia",		-- precision: minute
		[14] = "F j, Y g:i:sa",		-- precision: second
		
		["beforenow"] = "$1 BCE",	-- how to format negative numbers for precisions 0 to 5
		["afternow"] = "$1 CE",		-- how to format positive numbers for precisions 0 to 5
		["bc"] = '$1 "BCE"',		-- how print negative years
		["ad"] = "$1",				-- how print positive years
		["bc-addon"] = " BC",		-- suffix for negative dates
		["ad-addon"] = ""			-- suffix for 1st century AD dates
	},
	["monolingualtext"] = '<span lang="%language">%text</span>',
	
	["cite"] = {					-- Cite web parameters
		["url"]          = "url",
		["title"]        = "title",
		["website"]      = "website",
		["access-date"]  = "access-date",
		["archive-url"]  = "archive-url",
		["archive-date"] = "archive-date",
		["author"]       = "author",
		["publisher"]    = "publisher",
		["quote"]        = "quote",
		["language"]     = "language",
		["date"]         = "date",
		["pages"]        = "pages"
	}
}

local cases = {} -- functions for local grammatical cases defined at [[Module:Wikidata/i18n]]

local wiki = 
{
	langcode = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code,
	module_title = "Module:Wikidata",
	module_planetsData = "Module:Mapa cos celeste/dades" -- data for astronomical objects, maps for non Earth globes
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- module local functions

-- Credit to http://stackoverflow.com/a/1283608/2644759
-- cc-by-sa 3.0
local function tableMerge(t1, t2)
	for k,v in pairs(t2) do
		if type(v) == "table" then
			if type(t1[k] or false) == "table" then
				tableMerge(t1[k] or {}, t2[k] or {})
			else
				t1[k] = v
			end
		else
			t1[k] = v
		end
	end
	return t1
end

local function loadI18n()
	local exist, res = pcall(require, wiki.module_title .. "/i18n")
	if exist and next(res) ~= nil then
		tableMerge(i18n, res.i18n)
		cases = res.cases
	end
end

loadI18n()

local function case(word, localcase, lang)
	if word == nil or word == '' or cases[localcase] == nil then
		return word
	end
	
	return cases[localcase](word, lang)
end

local function findLang(langcode)
	if langcode == nil or langcode == "" or mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) == false then
		local myframe = mw.getCurrentFrame()
		langcode = myframe.args.lang
		if langcode == nil or langcode == "" or mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) == false then
			langcode = myframe:getParent().args.lang
			if langcode == nil or langcode == "" or mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) == false then
				if not mw.title.getCurrentTitle().isContentPage then
					langcode = myframe:preprocess( '{{int:lang}}' )
				end
				if langcode == nil or langcode == "" or mw.language.isKnownLanguageTag(langcode) == false then
					langcode = wiki.langcode
				end
			end
		end
	end
	local languages = mw.language.getFallbacksFor(langcode)
	table.insert(languages, 1, langcode)
	return languages
end

-- mw.wikibase.getLabelWithLang or getLabelByLang with a table of languages
local function getLabelByLangs(id, languages)
	local label
	local lang = languages[1]
	if lang == wiki.langcode then
		-- using getLabelWithLang when possible instead of getLabelByLang
		label, lang = mw.wikibase.getLabelWithLang(id)
	else
		for _, l in ipairs(languages) do
			label = mw.wikibase.getLabelByLang(id, l)
			lang = l
			if label then
				break
			end
		end
	end
	return label, lang
end

-- Is gender femenine? true or false
local function feminineGender(id)
	local claims = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id or mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage(),'P21')
	if #claims == 0 then
		return false
	else
		local genderId = claims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.id
		if genderId == "Q6581072" or genderId == "Q1052281" or genderId == "Q43445" then -- female, transgender female, female organism
			return true
		end
	end
	return false
end

-- Fetch female form of label
local function feminineForm(id, lang)
	local feminine_claims = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, 'P2521') -- female form of label
	for _, feminine_claim in ipairs(feminine_claims) do
		if feminine_claim.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == lang then
			return feminine_claim.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text
		end
	end
end

-- Fetch unit symbol
local function unitSymbol(id, lang)
	local claims = findClaims(mw.wikibase.getEntity(id), 'P5061')
	local langclaims = {}
	if claims then
		for _, snak in ipairs(claims) do
			if snak.mainsnak and snak.mainsnak.datavalue and snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value and
				not langclaims[snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language] -- just the first one by language
				then
					langclaims[snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language] = snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text
			end
		end
		for _, l in ipairs(lang) do
			if langclaims[l] then
				return langclaims[l]
			end
		end
	end
	return langclaims["mul"] -- last try
end

-- Add a small pencil as icon for edit on Wikidata
local function addEditIcon(id, lang, uselang, icon)
	if icon and lang ~= uselang then
		return " [[File:Arbcom ru editing.svg|12px|" .. mw.message.new('Translate-taction-translate'):inLanguage(uselang):plain() .. "|link=d:" .. id .. "]]"
	end
	return ''
end

local function urlEscapes(text)
	-- escape URL escapes to avoid Lua captures
	return mw.ustring.gsub(text, "(%%%d)", "%%%1")
end

local function expandBraces(text, formatting)
	if text == nil or formatting == nil then return text end
	-- only expand braces if provided in argument, not included in value as in Q1164668
	if mw.ustring.find(formatting, '{{', 1, true) == nil then return text end
	if type(text) ~= "string" then
		text = tostring(text)
	end
	
	for braces in mw.ustring.gmatch(text, "{{(.-)}}") do
		local parts = mw.text.split(braces, "|")
		local title_part = parts[1]
		local parameters = {}
		for i = 2, #parts do
			if mw.ustring.find(parts[i], "=") then
				local subparts = mw.text.split(parts[i], "=")
				parameters[subparts[1]] = subparts[2]
			else
				table.insert(parameters, parts[i])
			end
		end
		
		local braces_expanded
		if mw.ustring.find(title_part, ":")
			and mw.text.split(title_part, ":")[1] ~= mw.site.namespaces[10].name -- not a prefix Template:
			then
			braces_expanded = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction{name=title_part, args=parameters}
		else
			braces_expanded = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title=title_part, args=parameters}
		end
		braces = mw.ustring.gsub(braces, "([%^%$%(%)%%%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])", "%%%1") -- escape magic characters
		braces_expanded = urlEscapes(braces_expanded)
		text = mw.ustring.gsub(text, "{{" .. braces .. "}}", braces_expanded)
	end
	
	return text
end

local function printDatatypeMath(data)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('#tag:math', data)
end

local function printDatavalueString(data, parameters)
	if parameters.formatting == 'weblink' then 
		return '[' .. data ..  ' ' ..  mw.text.split(data, '//' )[2] .. ']'
	elseif mw.ustring.find((parameters.formatting or ''), '$1', 1, true) then -- formatting = a pattern
		--local escaped_data = mw.ustring.gsub(data, "%%", "%%%") -- escape % character, normally used in url, avoiding invalid capture in gsub
		-- done in expandBraces
		return expandBraces(mw.ustring.gsub(parameters.formatting, '$1', data), parameters.formatting)
	elseif parameters.case then
		return case(data, parameters.case, parameters.lang[1])
	else
		return data
	end
end

local function printDatavalueUrl(data, parameters)
	-- escape URL escapes to avoid Lua captures
	return printDatavalueString(urlEscapes(data), parameters)
end
	
local function printDatavalueCoordinate(data, parameter)
	if parameter == 'latitude' then
		return data.latitude
	elseif parameter == 'longitude' then
		return data.longitude
	elseif parameter == 'dimension' then
		return data.dimension
	else --default formatting='globe'
		if data.globe == '' or data.globe == nil or data.globe == 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2' then
			return 'earth'
		else
			local globenum = mw.text.split(data.globe, 'entity/')[2] -- http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2
			if pcall(require, wiki.module_planetsData) then
				local globetable = mw.loadData(wiki.module_planetsData)
				for _, globe in pairs(globetable.maps) do
					if globe.wikidata == globenum then
						return globe.coord_globe
					end
				end
			end
			return globenum
		end
	end
end

local function printDatavalueQuantity(data, parameters)
	-- exemples: 277±1 Centímetre, 1,94 metre
	local amount = data.amount
	amount = mw.ustring.gsub(amount, "%+", "")
	local sortkey = string.format("%09d", amount)
	amount = mw.language.new(parameters.lang[1]):formatNum(tonumber(amount))
	-- This is used to get the unit name for a numeric value
	local suffix = ""
	if parameters.formatting == "unit" or parameters.formatting == "unitcode" then
		-- get the url for the unit entry on Wikidata:
		local unitID = data.unit
		-- and just return the last bit from "Q" to the end (which is the QID):
		unitID = mw.ustring.sub(unitID, mw.ustring.find(unitID, "Q"), -1)
		if mw.ustring.sub(unitID, 1, 1) == "Q" then
			if parameters.formatting == "unitcode" then
				local unit_symbol = ''
				if parameters.lang[1] == wiki.langcode and pcall(require, wiki.module_title .. "/Units") then
					unit_symbol = require(wiki.module_title .. "/Units").getUnit(amount, '', unitID, true, '')
				end
				if unit_symbol == '' then
					unit_symbol = unitSymbol(unitID, parameters.lang)
					if not unit_symbol then
						local unit_label, lang = getLabelByLangs(unitID, parameters.lang)
						unit_symbol = unit_label .. addEditIcon(unitID, lang, parameters.lang[1], parameters.editicon)
					end
				end
				suffix = " " .. unit_symbol
			else
				local unit_label, lang = getLabelByLangs(unitID, parameters.lang)
				if lang == wiki.langcode and pcall(require, wiki.module_title .. "/Units") then
					suffix = " " .. require(wiki.module_title .. "/Units").getUnit(amount, unit_label, unitID, false, '')
				else
					suffix = " " .. (unit_label or unitID) .. addEditIcon(unitID, lang, parameters.lang[1], parameters.editicon)
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return amount .. suffix, sortkey
end

local function printDatavalueTime(data, parameters)
	-- Dates and times are stored in ISO 8601 format
	local timestamp = data.time
	local sortkey = timestamp
	local addon = ""
	local calendar_add = ""
	
	-- check for negative date, ex. "-0027-01-16T00:00:00Z"
	if string.sub(timestamp, 1, 1) == '-' then
		timestamp = '+' .. string.sub(timestamp, 2)
		addon = i18n.datetime["bc-addon"]
	elseif string.sub(timestamp, 2, 3) == '00' then
		addon = i18n.datetime["ad-addon"]
	else
		-- calendar model
		local calendar_model = {["Q12138"] = "gregorian", ["Q1985727"] = "gregorian", ["Q11184"] = "julian", ["Q1985786"] = "julian"}
		local calendar_id = mw.text.split(data.calendarmodel, 'entity/')[2]
		if (timestamp < "+1582-10-15T00:00:00Z" and calendar_model[calendar_id] == "gregorian")
			or (timestamp > "+1582-10-04T00:00:00Z" and calendar_model[calendar_id] == "julian")
			then
			calendar_add = " <sup>(" .. mw.message.new('Wikibase-time-calendar-' .. calendar_model[calendar_id]):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain() .. ")</sup>"
		end
	end
	local function d(f, t)
		local ts = t or timestamp
		local form = type(f) == "function" and f(ts) or f -- function in i18n.datetime[precision]
		return mw.language.new(parameters.lang[1]):formatDate(form, ts) .. addon .. calendar_add
	end
	local precision = data.precision or 11
	local intyear = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(timestamp, "^\+?%d+"))
	local ret = ""
	
	-- precision is 10000 years or more
	if precision <= 5 then
		local factor = 10 ^ ((5 - precision) + 4)
		local y2 = math.ceil(math.abs(intyear) / factor)
		local relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[precision], "$1", tostring(y2))
		if addon == i18n.datetime["bc-addon"] then
			-- negative date
			ret = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.beforenow, "$1", relative)
		else
			ret = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.afternow, "$1", relative)
		end
		local ret_number = string.match(ret, "%d+")
		if ret_number ~= nil then
			ret = mw.ustring.gsub(ret, ret_number, mw.language.new(parameters.lang[1]):formatNum(tonumber(ret_number)))
		end
	-- precision is millennia, centuries or decades
	elseif precision == 6 then
		local card = math.floor((intyear - 1) / 1000) + 1
		if mw.ustring.find(i18n.datetime[6], "$1") then
			ret = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[6], "$1", tostring(card)) .. addon .. calendar_add
		else
			ret = d(i18n.datetime[6], string.format("%04d", tostring(card)))
		end
	elseif precision == 7 then
		local card = math.floor((math.abs(intyear) - 1) / 100) + 1
		if mw.ustring.find(i18n.datetime[7], "$1") then
			ret = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[7], "$1", tostring(card)) .. addon .. calendar_add
		else
			ret = d(i18n.datetime[7], string.format("%04d", tostring(card)))
		end
	elseif precision == 8 then
		local card = math.floor(math.abs(intyear) / 10) * 10
		ret = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[8], "$1", tostring(card)) .. addon .. calendar_add
	-- precision is year
	elseif parameters.formatting == 'Y' or precision == 9 then
		ret = tostring(intyear) .. addon .. calendar_add
	-- precision is month
	elseif precision == 10 then
		timestamp = timestamp .. " + 1 day" -- formatDate yyyy-mm-00 returns the previous month
		ret, _ = string.gsub(d(i18n.datetime[10]), " 0+", " ") -- supress leading zeros in year
	elseif parameters.formatting then
		ret, _ = string.gsub(d(parameters.formatting), "([ %[])0+", "%1") -- supress leading zeros in year optionally linked
	else
		ret, _ = string.gsub(d(i18n.datetime[11]), " 0+", " ")
	end
	return ret, sortkey
end

local function printDatavalueEntity(data, parameters)
	local entityId = data['id']
	local entityIdPreffix = data['entity-type'] == 'property' and "Property:" .. entityId or entityId
	if parameters.formatting == 'raw' then
		return entityId, entityId
	end
	local label, lang = getLabelByLangs(entityId, parameters.lang)
	local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(entityId)
	local parameter = parameters.formatting
	local labelcase = label or sitelink
	if parameters.gender == 'feminineform' and lang ~= nil then -- case gender and item is female
		labelcase = feminineForm(entityId, lang) or labelcase
	end
	if parameters.case then
		labelcase = case(labelcase, parameters.case, lang)
	end
	local ret1, ret2
	if parameter == 'label' then
		ret1 = (labelcase or entityId)
		ret2 = labelcase or entityId
	elseif parameter == 'sitelink' then
		ret1 = (sitelink or 'wikidata:' .. entityIdPreffix)
		ret2 = sitelink or entityId
	elseif mw.ustring.find((parameter or ''), '$1', 1, true) then -- formatting = a pattern
		ret1 = mw.ustring.gsub(parameter, '$1', labelcase or entityId)
		ret1 = expandBraces(ret1, parameter)
		ret2 = labelcase or entityId
	else
		if parameter == "ucfirst" or parameter == "ucinternallink" then
			labelcase = labelcase and mw.language.new(lang):ucfirst(labelcase)
			-- only first of a list, reset formatting for next ones
			if parameter == "ucinterlanllink" then
				parameters.formatting = 'internallink'
			else
				parameters.formatting = nil -- default format
			end
		end
		
		if sitelink then
			ret1 = '[[' .. sitelink .. '|' .. labelcase .. ']]'
			ret2 = labelcase
		elseif label and (parameter == 'internallink' or parameter == 'ucinternallink') then
			ret1 = '[[' .. label .. '|' .. labelcase .. ']]'
			ret2 = labelcase
		else
			ret1 = '[[wikidata:' .. entityIdPreffix .. '|' .. (labelcase or entityId) .. ']]'
			ret2 = labelcase or entityId
		end
	end
	
	return ret1 .. addEditIcon(entityIdPreffix, lang, parameters.lang[1], parameters.editicon), ret2
end

local function printDatavalueMonolingualText(data, parameters)
	-- data fields: language [string], text [string]
	
	if parameters.list == "lang" and data["language"] ~= parameters.lang[1] then
		return
	elseif parameters.formatting == "language" or parameters.formatting == "text" then
		return data[parameters.formatting]
	end
	local result = data["text"]
	if data["language"] ~= wiki.langcode then
		result = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.monolingualtext, "%%language", data["language"]), "%%text", data["text"])
	end
	if mw.ustring.find((parameters.formatting or ''), '$', 1, true) then
		-- output format defined with $text, $language
		result = mw.ustring.gsub(parameters.formatting, '$text', result)
		result = mw.ustring.gsub(result, '$language', data["language"])
	end
	return result
end

local function printError(key)
    return '<span class="error">' .. i18n.errors[key] .. '</span>'
end

-- the "qualifiers" and "snaks" field have a respective "qualifiers-order" and "snaks-order" field
-- use these as the second parameter and this function instead of the built-in "pairs" function
-- to iterate over all qualifiers and snaks in the intended order.
local function orderedpairs(array, order)
	if not order then return pairs(array) end

	-- return iterator function
	local i = 0
	return function()
		i = i + 1
		if order[i] then
			return order[i], array[order[i]]
		end
	end
end

function findClaims(entity, property)
	if not property or not entity or not entity.claims then return end
	
	if not mw.ustring.match(property, "^P%d+$") then
		-- get property id for the given label
		property = mw.wikibase.resolvePropertyId(property)
		if not property then return end
	end
	
	return entity.claims[property]
end

local function getSnakValue(snak, parameters)
	if snak.snaktype == 'value' then
		-- call the respective snak parser
		if snak.datatype == 'math' then
			return printDatatypeMath(snak.datavalue.value)
		elseif snak.datatype == "url" then
			return printDatavalueUrl(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "string" then
			return printDatavalueString(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "globecoordinate" then
			return printDatavalueCoordinate(snak.datavalue.value, parameters.formatting)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "quantity" then
			return printDatavalueQuantity(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "time" then
			return printDatavalueTime(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == 'wikibase-entityid' then
			return printDatavalueEntity(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == 'monolingualtext' then
			return printDatavalueMonolingualText(snak.datavalue.value, parameters)
		end
	elseif snak.snaktype == 'novalue' then
		return mw.message.new('Wikibase-snakview-snaktypeselector-novalue'):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain()
	elseif snak.snaktype == 'somevalue' then
		return mw.message.new('Wikibase-snakview-snaktypeselector-somevalue'):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain()
	end
	return mw.wikibase.renderSnak(snak)
end

local function getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId, parameters)
	-- a "snak" is Wikidata terminology for a typed key/value pair
	-- a claim consists of a main snak holding the main information of this claim,
	-- as well as a list of attribute snaks and a list of references snaks
	if qualifierId then
		-- search the attribute snak with the given qualifier as key
		if claim.qualifiers then
			local qualifier = claim.qualifiers[qualifierId]
			if qualifier then
				if qualifier[1].datatype == "monolingualtext" then
					-- iterate over monolingualtext qualifiers to get local language
					for idx in pairs(qualifier) do
						if qualifier[idx].datavalue.value and qualifier[idx].datavalue.value.language == parameters.lang[1] then
							return qualifier[idx]
						end
					end
				elseif parameters.list then
					return qualifier
				else
					return qualifier[1]
				end
			end
		end
		return nil, printError("qualifier-not-found")
	else
		-- otherwise return the main snak
		return claim.mainsnak
	end
end

function getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameters)
	local error
	local snak
	snak, error = getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId, parameters)
	if not snak then
		return nil, nil, error
	elseif snak[1] then -- a multi qualifier
		local result = {}
		local sortkey = {}
		for idx in pairs(snak) do
			result[#result + 1], sortkey[#sortkey + 1] = getSnakValue(snak[idx], parameters)
		end
		return mw.text.listToText(result, parameters.qseparator, parameters.qconjunction), sortkey[1]
	else -- a property or a qualifier
		return getSnakValue(snak, parameters)
	end
end

local function getValueOfParentClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameters)
	local qids = mw.text.split(qualifierId, '/', true)
	local valueraw, parent_claims, value, sortkey
	if qids[1] == parameters.property then
		valueraw, _, _ = getValueOfClaim(claim, nil, {["formatting"]="raw", ["lang"]=parameters.lang})
	else
		valueraw, _, _ = getValueOfClaim(claim, qids[1], {["formatting"]="raw", ["lang"]=parameters.lang})
	end
	if string.sub(valueraw or '', 1, 1) == "Q" then -- protection for 'no value'
		parent_claims = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(valueraw, qids[2])
		if parent_claims[1] ~= nil then
			value, sortkey, _ = getValueOfClaim(parent_claims[1], nil, parameters)
			-- raw parent value needed fot while/black lists, lang for avoiding an error on types other than entity
			valueraw, _, _ =  getValueOfClaim(parent_claims[1], nil, {["formatting"]="raw", ["lang"]=parameters.lang})
		end
	end
	return value, sortkey, valueraw
end

local function getReferences(claim)
	local refaliases = {
		citeWeb         = "Q5637226",
		author          = "P50",
		publisher       = "P123",
		importedFrom    = "P143",
		statedIn        = "P248",
		pages           = "P304",
		publicationDate = "P577",
		startTime       = "P580",
		endTime         = "P582",
		chapter         = "P792",
		retrieved       = "P813",
		referenceURL    = "P854",
		archiveURL      = "P1065",
		title           = "P1476",
		quote           = "P1683",
		shortName       = "P1813",
		language        = "P2439",
		archiveDate     = "P2960"
	}
	local result = ""
	-- traverse through all references
	for ref in pairs(claim.references or {}) do
		local refparts
		local refs = {}
		-- traverse through all parts of the current reference
		for snakkey, snakval in pairs(claim.references[ref].snaks or {}) do
			if snakkey ~= refaliases.importedFrom then -- "imported from" is not a proper reference
				for snakidx = 1, #snakval do
					if snakidx > 1 then refparts = refparts .. ", " end
					refparts = refparts or '' .. getSnakValue(snakval[snakidx], {lang={wiki.langcode}})
				end
				refs[snakkey] = refparts
				refparts = nil
			end
		end
		
		-- get title of general template for citing web references
		local template = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(refaliases.citeWeb) or ""
		template = mw.text.split(template, ":")[2]  -- split off namespace from front
		
		-- (1) if both "reference URL" and "title" are present, then use the general template for citing web references
		if refs[refaliases.referenceURL] and (refs[refaliases.title] or refs[refaliases.statedIn]) and template then
			local citeParams = {}
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['url']] = refs[refaliases.referenceURL]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['title']] = refs[refaliases.title] or refs[refaliases.statedIn]:match("^%[%[.-|(.-)%]%]")
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['website']] = refs[refaliases.statedIn]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['language']] = refs[refaliases.language]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['date']] = refs[refaliases.publicationDate]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['access-date']] = refs[refaliases.retrieved]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['archive-url']] = refs[refaliases.archiveURL]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['archive-date']] = refs[refaliases.archiveDate]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['publisher']] = refs[refaliases.publisher]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['quote']] = refs[refaliases.quote]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['pages']] = refs[refaliases.pages]
			citeParams[i18n['cite']['author']] = refs[refaliases.author]
			refparts = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title=template, args=citeParams}
		else
			-- raw ouput
			for k, v in orderedpairs(refs or {}, claim.references[ref]["snaks-order"]) do
				if k and v then
					if refparts then refparts = refparts .. ", " else refparts = "" end
					refparts = refparts .. tostring(mw.wikibase.getLabel(k)) .. ": "
					refparts = refparts .. v
				end
			end
		end
		if refparts then result = result .. mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag("ref", refparts) end
	end
	return result
end

-- Return the site link (for the current site) for a given data item.
function p.getSiteLink(frame)
    if frame.args[1] == nil then
        entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
        if not entity then
        	return nil
        end
        id = entity.id
    else
        id = frame.args[1]
    end
 
    return mw.wikibase.getSitelink(id)
end

-- Set whitelist or blacklist values
local function setWhiteOrBlackList(type_list, num_qual, args)
	local i = 0
	local listed = false
	local list = {}
	while i <= num_qual do
		if args[type_list .. i] and args[type_list .. i] ~= '' then
			listed = true
			list[tostring(i)] = {}
			local values = mw.text.split(args[type_list .. i], "/", true)
			for _, v in ipairs(values) do
				list[tostring(i)][v] = true
			end
		end
		i = i + 1
	end
	return list, listed
end

-- returns the page id (Q...) of the current page or nothing of the page is not connected to Wikidata
function p.pageId(frame)
	local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject()
	if not entity then return nil else return entity.id end
end

function p.claim(frame)
	if mw.title.new(frame:getParent():getTitle()).isContentPage then
		if not mw.title.new(frame:getTitle()).isSubpage then
			-- invoked from a content page and not invoking a module subpage
			return printError("not-from-content-page")
		end
	end
	return p._main(frame.args, frame:getParent().args)
end

-- Entry point from other modules or debugging, with a list of arguments.
-- From other modules use: require("Module:Wikidata")._main({item="Q...", property="P...", ...})
-- On debug console use: =p._main({item="Q...", lang="xx", property="P...", ...})
function p._main(args, pargs)
	--If a value is already set, use it
	if args.value and args.value ~= '' then
		return args.value
	end
	
	-- arguments
	local id = args.item or (pargs and pargs.item)
	if id == nil or id == "" then
		id = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage()
	end
	local languages = findLang(args.lang)
	local itemgender = args["itemgender"]
	local idgender
	if itemgender then
		if string.match(itemgender, "^P%d+$") then
			local snak = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, itemgender)[1]
			if snak and snak.mainsnak and snak.mainsnak.datavalue and snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value then
				idgender = snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id
			end
		elseif string.match(itemgender, "^Q%d+$") then
			idgender = itemgender
		end
	end
	local property = string.upper(args["property"] or "")
	local qualifierId = {}
	qualifierId[1] = args["qualifier"] and string.upper(args["qualifier"]) or nil
	local i = 2
	while args["qualifier" .. i] do
		qualifierId[i] = string.upper(args["qualifier" .. i])
		i = i + 1
	end
	local parameter = args["formatting"] or ''; if parameter == "" then parameter = nil end
	local case = args.case
	local list = args["list"] or true; if (list == "false" or list == "no") then list = false end
	local sorting_col = args.tablesort
	local sorting_up = (args.sorting or "") ~= "-1"
	local separator = args.separator
	local conjunction = args.conjunction or args.separator
	local rowformat = args.rowformat
	local references = args["references"]
	local showerrors = args["showerrors"]
	local default = args["default"]
	local editicon = not (args.editicon == "false" or args.editicon == "no")
	
	local parameters = {["property"] = property, ["formatting"] = parameter, ["list"] = list, ["case"] = case,
		["lang"] = languages, ["editicon"] = editicon,
		["separator"] = separator, ["conjunction"] = conjunction, ["qseparator"] = separator, ["qconjunction"] = conjunction}
	
	-- defaults for table
	local preformat, postformat = "", ""
	local whitelisted, blacklisted = false, false
	local whitelist, blacklist = {}, {}
	if parameters.formatting == "table" then
		parameters.separator = parameters.separator or "<br />"
		parameters.conjunction = parameters.conjunction or "<br />"
		parameters.qseparator = ", "
		parameters.qconjunction = ", "
		if not rowformat then
			rowformat = "$0 ($1"
			i = 2
			while qualifierId[i] do
				rowformat = rowformat .. ", $" .. i
				i = i + 1
			end
			rowformat = rowformat .. ")"
		elseif mw.ustring.find(rowformat, "^[*#]") then
			parameters.separator = "</li><li>"
			parameters.conjunction = "</li><li>"
			if mw.ustring.match(rowformat, "^[*#]") == "*" then
				preformat = "<ul><li>"
				postformat = "</li></ul>"
			else
				preformat = "<ol><li>"
				postformat = "</li></ol>"
			end
			rowformat = mw.ustring.gsub(rowformat, "^[*#] ?", "")
		end
		
		-- set whitelist and blacklist values
		whitelist, whitelisted = setWhiteOrBlackList("whitelist", #qualifierId, args)
		blacklist, blacklisted = setWhiteOrBlackList("blacklist", #qualifierId, args)
	end
	if default then showerrors = nil end
	
	-- get wikidata entity
	local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(id)
	if not entity then
		if showerrors then return printError("entity-not-found") else return default end
	end
	-- fetch the first claim of satisfying the given property
	local claims = findClaims(entity, property)
	if not claims or not claims[1] then
		if showerrors then return printError("property-not-found") else return default end
	end
	
	-- set feminine case if gender is requested
	local genderCase
	local genderRequested = false
	if parameters.case == "gender" or idgender then
		genderRequested = true
	elseif parameters.formatting == "table" then
		if args["case0"] and args["case0"] == "gender" then
			genderRequested = true
		else
			for i, qual in ipairs(qualifierId) do
				if args["case" .. i] and args["case" .. i] == "gender" then
					genderRequested = true
					break
				end
			end
		end
	end
	if genderRequested then
		if feminineGender(idgender or id) then
			genderCase = "feminineform"
			if parameters.case == "gender" or idgender then
				parameters.gender = genderCase
			end
		end
	end
	
	-- get initial sort indices
	local sortindices = {}
	for idx in pairs(claims) do
		sortindices[#sortindices + 1] = idx
	end
	-- sort by claim rank
	local comparator = function(a, b)
		local rankmap = { deprecated = 2, normal = 1, preferred = 0 }
		local ranka = rankmap[claims[a].rank or "normal"] ..  string.format("%08d", a)
		local rankb = rankmap[claims[b].rank or "normal"] ..  string.format("%08d", b)
		return ranka < rankb
	end
	table.sort(sortindices, comparator)
	
	local result
	local error
	if parameters.list or parameters.formatting == "table" then
		-- convert LF to line feed, <br /> may not work on some cases
		parameters.separator = parameters.separator == "LF" and "\010" or parameters.separator
		parameters.conjunction = parameters.conjunction == "LF" and "\010" or parameters.conjunction
		-- i18n separators
		parameters.separator = parameters.separator or mw.message.new('Comma-separator'):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain()
		parameters.conjunction = parameters.conjunction or (mw.message.new('And'):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain() .. mw.message.new('Word-separator'):inLanguage(parameters.lang[1]):plain())
		-- iterate over all elements and return their value (if existing)
		local value, valueq
		local sortkey, sortkeyq
		local values = {}
		local sortkeys = {}
		local refs = {}
		local firstrank = parameters.list == "firstrank" and claims[sortindices[1]].rank or ''
		local rowlist = {} -- rows to list with whitelist or blacklist
		for idx in pairs(claims) do
			local claim = claims[sortindices[idx]]
			local reference={}
			if not whitelisted then rowlist[idx] = true end
			if firstrank ~= '' and firstrank ~= claim.rank then
				break
			end
			if parameters.formatting == "table" then
				local params = mw.clone(parameters)
				params.formatting = args["colformat0"]; if params.formatting == "" then params.formatting = nil end
				if args["case0"] then
					if args["case0"] == "gender" then
						params.gender = genderCase
					else
						params.case = args["case0"]
					end
				end
				value, sortkey, error =  getValueOfClaim(claim, nil, params)
				if value then
					values[#values + 1] = {}
					sortkeys[#sortkeys + 1] = {}
					refs[#refs + 1] = {}
					if whitelist["0"] or blacklist["0"] then
						local valueraw, _, _ = getValueOfClaim(claim, nil, {["formatting"]="raw", ["lang"]=params.lang})
						if whitelist["0"] and whitelist["0"][valueraw or ""] then
							rowlist[#values] = true
						elseif blacklist["0"] and blacklist["0"][valueraw or ""] then
							rowlist[#values] = false
						end
					end
					for i, qual in ipairs(qualifierId) do
						local j = tostring(i)
						params.formatting = args["colformat" .. j]; if params.formatting == "" then params.formatting = nil end
						params.case = parameters.case
						params.gender = parameters.gender
						if args["case" .. j] then
							if args["case" .. j] == "gender" then
								params.gender = genderCase
							else
								params.case = args["case" .. j]
							end
						end
						local valueq, sortkeyq, valueraw
						if qual == property then -- hack for getting the property with another formatting, i.e. colformat1=raw
							valueq, sortkeyq, _ =  getValueOfClaim(claim, nil, params)
						else
							for q in mw.text.gsplit(qual, '%s*OR%s*') do
								if string.find(q, ".+/.+") then
									valueq, sortkeyq, valueraw =  getValueOfParentClaim(claim, q, params)
								elseif string.find(q, "^/.+") then
									local claim2 = findClaims(entity, string.sub(q, 2))
									if claim2 then
										valueq, sortkeyq, _ =  getValueOfClaim(claim2[1], nil, params)
									end
								else
									valueq, sortkeyq, _ =  getValueOfClaim(claim, q, params)
								end
								if valueq then break end
							end
						end
						values[#values]["col" .. j] = valueq
						sortkeys[#sortkeys]["col" .. j] = sortkeyq or valueq
						if whitelist[j] or blacklist[j] then
							valueq = valueraw or getValueOfClaim(claim, qual, {["formatting"]="raw", ["lang"]=params.lang})
							if whitelist[j] and whitelist[j][valueq or ""] then
								rowlist[#values] = true
							elseif blacklist[j] and blacklist[j][valueq or ""] then
								rowlist[#values] = false
							end
						end
					end
				end
			else
				value, sortkey, error =  getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId[1], parameters)
				values[#values + 1] = {}
				sortkeys[#sortkeys + 1] = {}
				refs[#refs + 1] = {}
			end
			if not value and showerrors then value = error end
			if value then
				if references and claim.references then reference=claim.references end
				refs[#refs]["col0"] =reference
				values[#values]["col0"] = value
				sortkeys[#sortkeys]["col0"] = sortkey or value
			end
		end
		-- sort and format results
		sortindices = {}
		for idx in pairs(values) do
			sortindices[#sortindices + 1] = idx
		end
		if sorting_col then
			local sorting_table = mw.text.split(sorting_col, '/', true)
			local comparator = function(a, b)
				local valuea, valueb
				local i = 1
				while valuea == valueb and i <= #sorting_table do
					valuea = sortkeys[a]["col" .. sorting_table[i]] or ''
					valueb = sortkeys[b]["col" .. sorting_table[i]] or ''
					i = i + 1
				end
				
				if sorting_up then
					return valueb > valuea
				end
				return valueb < valuea
			end
			table.sort(sortindices, comparator)
		end
		result = {}
		for idx in pairs(values) do
			local valuerow = values[sortindices[idx]]
			local reference = getReferences({["references"] = refs[sortindices[idx]]["col0"]})

			value = valuerow["col0"]
			if parameters.formatting == "table" then
				if not rowlist[sortindices[idx]] then
					value = nil
				else
					value = mw.ustring.gsub(rowformat .. "$", "$0", value) -- fake end character added for easy gsub
					value = mw.ustring.gsub(value, "$R0", reference) -- add reference
					local rowformatting = rowformat .. "$"
					for i, _ in ipairs(qualifierId) do
						local valueq = valuerow["col" .. i]
						if args["rowsubformat" .. i] and valueq then
							-- add fake end character $
							-- gsub $i not followed by a number so $1 doesn't match $10, $11...
							-- remove fake end character
							valueq = mw.ustring.gsub(args["rowsubformat" .. i] .. "$", "$" .. i .. "(%D)", valueq .. "%1")
							valueq = string.sub(valueq, 1, -2)
							rowformatting = mw.ustring.gsub(rowformatting, "$" .. i .. "(%D)", args["rowsubformat" .. i] .. "%1")
						end
						valueq = valueq and urlEscapes(valueq) or ''
						value = mw.ustring.gsub(value, "$" .. i .. "(%D)", valueq .. "%1")
					end
					value = string.sub(value, 1, -2) -- remove fake end character
					value = expandBraces(value, rowformatting)
				end
			else
				value = expandBraces(value, parameters.formatting)
			end
			result[#result + 1] = value
			if not parameters.list then
				break
			end
		end
		result = preformat .. mw.text.listToText(result, parameters.separator, parameters.conjunction) .. postformat
	else
		-- return first element
		local claim = claims[sortindices[1]]
		result, _, error = getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId[1], parameters)
		if result and references then result = result .. getReferences(claim) end
	end
	
	if result then return result else
		if showerrors then return error else return default end
	end
end

-- This is used to get the TA98 (Terminologia Anatomica first edition 1998) values like 'A01.1.00.005' (property P1323)
-- which are then linked to http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/01.1.00.005%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm
-- uses the newer mw.wikibase calls instead of directly using the snaks
-- formatPropertyValues returns a table with the P1323 values concatenated with ", " so we have to split them out into a table in order to construct the return string
p.getTAValue = function(frame)
    local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
    local props = ent:formatPropertyValues('P1323')
    local out = {}
    local t = {}
    for k, v in pairs(props) do
        if k == 'value' then
            t = mw.text.split( v, ", ")
            for k2, v2 in pairs(t) do
                out[#out + 1] = "[http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/" .. string.sub(v2, 2) .. "%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm " .. v2 .. "]"
            end
        end
    end
    local ret = table.concat(out, "<br> ")
    if #ret == 0 then
        ret = "Invalid TA"
    end
    return ret
end

-- debugging functions, see module ../debug.
function p.ViewSomething(frame)
	return require(wiki.module_title .. "/debug").ViewSomething(frame)
end

function p.Dump(frame)
	return require(wiki.module_title .. "/debug").Dump(frame)
end

function p.getEntityFromTree(frame)
	return require(wiki.module_title .. "/debug").getEntityFromTree(frame)
end

-- getParentValues: returns a property value with its instance label fetching a recursive tree

local function uc_first(word)
	return mw.ustring.upper(mw.ustring.sub(word, 1, 1)) .. mw.ustring.sub(word, 2)
end

local function getPropertyValue(id, property, parameter, langs, editicon)
	local snaks = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, property)
	local mysnak
	if snaks and snaks[1] and snaks[1].mainsnak then
		mysnak = snaks[1].mainsnak
	else
		return
	end
	
	local entityId
	local result = '-' -- default for 'no value'
	if mysnak.datavalue then
		entityId = "Q" .. tostring(mysnak.datavalue.value['numeric-id'])
		result, _ = getSnakValue(mysnak, {formatting=parameter, lang=langs, editicon=editicon})
	end
	
	return entityId, result
end

function p.getParentValues(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	local id = args.item or frame:getParent().args.item
	if id == "" or id == nil then
		id = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage()
		if id == nil then return end
	end
	local languages = findLang(args.lang)
	local propertySup = args["property"]; if (propertySup == nil or propertySup == "") then propertySup = "P131" end --administrative entity
	local propertyLabel = args["label"]; if (propertyLabel == nil or propertyLabel == "") then propertyLabel = "P31" end --instance
	local propertyLink = args["valuetext"]; if propertyLink == "" then propertyLink = nil end --internallink
	local upto = args["upto"]; if upto == "" then upto = nil end
	local labelShow = args["labelshow"]; if labelShow == "" then labelShow = nil end
	local rowformat = args["rowformat"]; if (rowformat == nil or rowformat == "") then rowformat = "$0 = $1" end
	local separator = args["separator"]; if (separator == nil or separator == "") then separator = "<br />" end
	local sorting = args["sorting"]; if sorting == "" then sorting = nil end
	local editicon = not (args.editicon == "false" or args.editicon == "no")
	
	local lastlabel = uc_first(upto or '')
	local maxloop = tonumber(upto) or (lastlabel == '' and 10 or 50)
	
	local labelFilter = {}
	if labelShow then
		for i, v in ipairs(mw.text.split(labelShow, "/")) do
			labelFilter[uc_first(v)] = true
		end
	end
	
	local result = {}
	local label, link, linktext
	
	for iter = 1, maxloop do
		local label, link
		id, link = getPropertyValue(id, propertySup, args.formatting, languages, editicon)
		if id then
			_, label = getPropertyValue(id, propertyLabel, "label", languages)
			if label and link then
				if propertyLink then
					_, linktext = getPropertyValue(id, propertyLink, "label", languages)
					if linktext then
						link = mw.ustring.gsub(link, "%[%[(.*)%|(.+)%]%]", "[[%2|" .. linktext .. "]] [[%1|·]]")
					end
				end
				label = case(label, "infoboxlabel", languages[1])
				if labelShow == nil or labelFilter[label] then
					result[#result + 1] = {label, link}
					labelFilter[label] = nil -- only first label found
				end
				if label == lastlabel then
					break
				end
			else
				break
			end
		else
			break
		end
	end
	
	local ret = {}
	local first = 1
	local last = #result
	local iter = 1
	if sorting == "-1" then first = #result; last = 1; iter = -1 end

	for i = first, last, iter do
		local rowtext = mw.ustring.gsub(rowformat, "$[01]", {["$0"] = result[i][1], ["$1"] = result[i][2]})
		ret[#ret +1] = expandBraces(rowtext, rowformat)
	end
	return mw.text.listToText(ret, separator, separator)
end

function p.linkWithParentLabel(frame)
	local args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame.args) do -- metatable
		args[k] = v
	end
	
	-- get internal link of property/qualifier
	args.list = "true"
	args.formatting = "internallink"
	args.separator = "/·/"
	local pargs = frame:getParent().args
	local link_list = p._main(args, pargs)
	if link_list == nil or link_list == "" then
		return
	end
	local link_table = mw.text.split(link_list, "/·/", true)
	
	-- get id value of property/qualifier
	args.formatting = "raw"
	local items_list = p._main(args, pargs)
	local items_table = mw.text.split(items_list, "/·/", true)
	
	-- get label of parent property
	args.property = args.parent
	args.qualifier = nil
	local parent_claims = findClaims(mw.wikibase.getEntity(items_table[1]), args.parent)
	if parent_claims and parent_claims[1].mainsnak.datatype == 'monolingualtext' then
		args.formatting = nil
		args.list = 'lang'
	else
		args.formatting = "label"
		args.list = "false"
	end
	for i, v in ipairs(items_table) do
		args.item = v
		local link_label = p._main(args, pargs)
		if link_label and link_label ~= '' then
			link_table[i] = mw.ustring.gsub(link_table[i] or '', "%[%[(.*)%|.+%]%]", "[[%1|" .. link_label .. "]]")
		end
	end
	
	return mw.text.listToText(link_table)
end

function p.years_old(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	local id = args.item
	if id == '' or id == nil then
		id = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage()
	end
	local lang = mw.language.new('en')
	
	local function getBestValue(id, prop)
		local snak = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(id, prop)[1]
		if snak and snak.mainsnak and snak.mainsnak.datavalue and snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value then
			return snak.mainsnak.datavalue.value
		end
	end
	
	local birth = getBestValue(id, 'P569')
	if type(birth) ~= 'table' or birth.time == nil or birth.precision == nil or birth.precision < 8 then
		return
	end
	local death = getBestValue(id, 'P570')
	if type(death) ~= 'table' or death.time == nil or death.precision == nil then
		death = {['time'] = lang:formatDate('c'), ['precision'] = 11} -- current date
	elseif death.precision < 8 then
		return
	end
	
	local dates = {}
	dates[1] = {['min'] = {}, ['max'] = {}, ['precision'] = birth.precision}
	dates[1].min.year = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(birth.time, "^[+-]?%d+"))
	dates[1].min.month = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(birth.time, "\-(%d%d)\-"))
	dates[1].min.day = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(birth.time, "\-(%d%d)T"))
	dates[1].max = mw.clone(dates[1].min)
	dates[2] = {['min'] = {}, ['max'] = {}, ['precision'] = death.precision}
	dates[2].min.year = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(death.time, "^[+-]?%d+"))
	dates[2].min.month = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(death.time, "\-(%d%d)\-"))
	dates[2].min.day = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(death.time, "\-(%d%d)T"))
	dates[2].max = mw.clone(dates[2].min)
	
	for i, d in ipairs(dates) do
		if d.precision == 10 then -- month
			d.min.day = 1
			local timestamp = string.format("%04d", tostring(math.abs(d.max.year)))
				.. string.format("%02d", tostring(d.max.month))
				.. "01"
			d.max.day = tonumber(lang:formatDate("j", timestamp .. " + 1 month - 1 day"))
		elseif d.precision < 10 then -- year or decade
			d.min.day = 1
			d.min.month = 1
			d.max.day = 31
			d.max.month = 12
			if d.precision == 8 then -- decade
				d.max.year = d.max.year + 9
			end
		end
	end
	
	local function age(d1, d2)
		local years = d2.year - d1.year
		if d2.month < d1.month or (d2.month == d1.month and d2.day < d1.day) then
			years = years - 1
		end
		if d2.year > 0 and d1.year < 0 then
			years = years - 1 -- no year 0
		end
		return years
	end
	
	local old_min = age(dates[1].max, dates[2].min)
	local old_max = age(dates[1].min, dates[2].max)
	local old = old_min == old_max and old_min or old_min .. "/" .. old_max
	if args.formatting then
		old = expandBraces(mw.ustring.gsub(args.formatting, '$1', old), args.formatting)
	end
	
	return old
end

-- Gets a label in a given language (content language by default) or its fallbacks, optionnally linked.
function p.getLabel(frame)
	local args = frame.args or frame -- via invoke or require
	local id = mw.text.trim(args[1] or "")
	if id == "" then return end
	local editicon = not (args.editicon == "false" or args.editicon == "no")
	
	local pencil = ''
	local label, lang
	if args.label then
		label = args.label
	else
		local languages = findLang(args.lang)
		if languages[1] == wiki.langcode then
			 -- exceptions or labels fixed
			local exist, labels = pcall(require, wiki.module_title .. "/labels")
			if exist and next(labels.infoboxLabelsFromId) ~= nil then
				label = labels.infoboxLabelsFromId[id]
			end
		end
		
		if label == nil then
			label, lang = getLabelByLangs(id, languages)
			if label then
				if args.itemgender and feminineGender(args.itemgender) then
					label = feminineForm(id, lang) or label
				end
				label = mw.language.new(lang):ucfirst(mw.text.nowiki(label)) -- sanitize
			end
			pencil = addEditIcon(id, lang, languages[1], editicon)
		end
	end
	
	local linked = args.linked
	if linked and linked ~= "" and linked ~= "no" then
		local article = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(id) or ("d:" .. id)
		return "[[" .. article .. "|" .. (label or id) .. "]]" .. pencil
	else
		return (label or id) .. pencil
	end
end

-- Return default language used
function p.lang(frame)
	return findLang(frame.args[1])[1]
end

--[[
This is used to return an image legend from Wikidata
image is property P18
image legend is property P2096

Call as {{#invoke:Wikidata |getImageLegend | <PARAMETER> | lang=<ISO-639code> |id=<QID>}}
Returns PARAMETER, unless it is equal to "FETCH_WIKIDATA", from Item QID (expensive call)
If QID is omitted or blank, the current article is used (not an expensive call)
If lang is omitted, it uses the local wiki language, otherwise it uses the provided ISO-639 language code
ISO-639: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13214_01/wli/docs92/xref/xqisocodes.html#wp1252447

Ranks are: 'preferred' > 'normal'
This returns the label from the first image with 'preferred' rank
Or the label from the first image with 'normal' rank if preferred returns nothing
Ranks: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Wikibase_Client/Lua
]]

p.getImageLegend = function(frame)
	-- look for named parameter id; if it's blank make it nil
	local id = frame.args.id
	if id and (#id == 0) then
		id = nil
	end

	-- look for named parameter lang
	-- it should contain a two-character ISO-639 language code
	-- if it's blank fetch the language of the local wiki
	local lang = frame.args.lang
	if (not lang) or (#lang < 2) then
		lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code
	end

	-- first unnamed parameter is the local parameter, if supplied
	local input_parm = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
	if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then
		local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id)
		local imgs
		if ent and ent.claims then
			imgs = ent.claims.P18
		end
		local imglbl
		if imgs then
			-- look for an image with 'preferred' rank
			for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do
				if v1.rank == "preferred" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then
					local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096
					for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do
						if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then
							imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text
							break
						end
					end
				end
			end
			-- if we don't find one, look for an image with 'normal' rank
			if (not imglbl) then
				for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do
					if v1.rank == "normal" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then
						local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096
						for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do
							if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then
								imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text
								break
							end
						end
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return imglbl
	else
		return input_parm
	end
end

-- This is used to get the QIDs of all of the values of a property, as a comma separated list if multiple values exist
-- Usage: {{#invoke:Wikidata |getPropertyIDs |<PropertyID> |FETCH_WIKIDATA}}
-- Usage: {{#invoke:Wikidata |getPropertyIDs |<PropertyID> |<InputParameter> |qid=<QID>}}

p.getPropertyIDs = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, propclaims = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	-- if wiki-linked value collect the QID in a table
	if (propclaims[1] and propclaims[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and propclaims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid") then
		local out = {}
		for k, v in pairs(propclaims) do
			out[#out + 1] = "Q" .. v.mainsnak.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]
		end
		return table.concat(out, ", ")
	else
		-- not a wikibase-entityid, so return empty
		return ""
	end
end

return p